Solar water pumping systems
The system has the following functional blocs:
Solar Cell Array
The solar array, an aggregation of many solar modules connected in series and in parallel, absorbs sunlight radiation and converts it into electrical energy, providing dynamical power for the whole system.
Solar Pumping Inverter:
The pumping inverter controls and adjusts the system operation and converts the DC produced by the solar cell array into AC to drive the pump, and adjusts the output frequency in real-time according to the variation of sunlight intensity to realize the maximum power point tracking (MPPT). Advantages are as follows:
- Patented dynamic VI MPPT algorithm ensuring swift response and stable operation.
- Digital control, automatic operation, data collection and storage for up to 8 years; 98% conversion efficiency, complete protection.
- The system is free of any energy storage devices. Instead, the system stores water. As a result, reliability is improved dramatically comparing to systems requiring energy storage (battery) and at the same time greatly reducing construction and maintenance costs.
Water Pump:
Any three-phase pump is suitable for solar AC pumping system, pump powered by solar cell arrays draws water from deep wells, rivers and lakes and pours into the storage tank or reservoir, or directly connects the irrigation system, fountain system, etc.
According to the actual system demand and installation condition, different types of pumps such as centrifugal pump, axial flow pump, mixed flow pump or deep well pump can be used.
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The solar pumping system is composed of solar pumping inverter, 3 phase AC pump, and solar array.
The solar array is composed of many solar cells panels in series and in parallel, and absorbs irradiation from sunlight, and converts into electrical energy (DC).
Inverter controls and regulates pumping operation system and converts DC voltage from PV modules to AC to drive the AC pump, with the function of MPPT and it regulates the output frequency according to irradiation in actual time to achieve the maximum power.
The AC pump driven by a 3 phase induction motor, draws water from well or rivers and lakes, then water reserved on tank/ponds for irrigation systems or other applications.
Based on the requirements and installation conditions, different types of pumps will be required.
The solar pumping system is widely used for sea water desalination system, desert controlling, daily life water supplying, agricultural irrigation, forest irrigation, waterscape, and water treatment project. The solar pumping system is dispensed with battery and that enhance the reliability of the system and reduce the bill invest.
Solar Pumping System can be applied to daily use (ground water), agricultural irrigation, forestry irrigation, desert control, pasture husbandry, water supply for islands, wastewater treatment engineering, and so on. Solar water pump System is dispensed with energy storing devices, and stores water instead of electricity. It improves the reliability of the device, at the same time, it lowers the construction and maintenance costs of the irrigation system dramatically.
In recent years, with the promotion of the utilization of new energy resources, Solar Pumping System is more and more used in municipal engineering, city centre squares, parks, tourist sites, resorts and hotels, the landscapes and fountain irrigation systems in the residential areas.
Technical features:
A single solar irrigation system consists of only one pump, a power-matched solar array and an inverter .
The aim of optimization is to reduce the amount of PV modules as much as possible on the premise of filling the requirement of head and capacity.
The rotational speed of pump is regulated according to the irradiation on the solar array; when the sunlight reaches its peak, the pump runs at the rated speed, and the output approaches the peak power of the solar array; when the sunlight is less abundant, the speed of pump varies bellow the range of the rated speed; when the speed as low as the capacity becomes zero, the solar pumping system stops working.
So, there are big differences between solar irrigation systems and traditional pumping systems in system design, and the system should be optimized according to the requirements of head, capacity, and local conditions of sunlight.
Determine the optimal average daily operating time and the range of speed governing.
Choose the optimal head and capacity of the pump.
Determine the maximum power of PV modules, the best working voltage and method of connection.
System components:
- Solar Array
Solar Array is a set of solar photovoltaic modules electrically connected and mounted on a supporting structure.
A photovoltaic module is a packaged, connected assembly of solar cells.
The solar panel can be used as a component of a larger photovoltaic system to generate and supply electricity in commercial and residential applications.
Each module is rated by its DC output power under standard test conditions (STC), and typically ranges from 100 to 320 watts. The efficiency of a module determines the area of a module given the same rated output – an 8% efficient 230 watt module will have twice the area of a 16% efficient 230 watt module.
A single solar module can produce only a limited amount of power; most installations contain multiple modules. A photovoltaic system typically includes a panel or an array of solar modules, an inverter, and sometimes a battery and/or solar tracker and interconnection wiring. - Solar Water Pump
Solar Water Pump is the pumping facility driven by solar energy, which consists of a solar pumping inverter and a pump. Solar water pumps kit is called “solar pumping system combining with solar arrays designed according to different head and daily water flow for application”.
System is widely utilized for agriculture irrigation, desert control, pasture animal husbandry, city landscaping, daily water supply, etc.
In recent years, with the development of photovoltaic products from city application to huge demands of agriculture, pasture, desert areas, Solar Pond Pump has become the leading products combining photovoltaic industry with traditional industry such as agriculture water conservancy, desert control, daily water supply, city landscaping, etc.
Solar Pump driven by infinite solar energy, works from sunrise, and stops at sunset, need no connection to grid power nor diesel oil and battery. System can irrigate directly or store water instead of electricity in a reservoir. Solar fountain Pumps works with sprinkling irrigation, drip irrigation and infiltrating irrigation facilities, can be more efficient for water saving and dramatically lower the cost of using fossil energy. - Solar Pumping Inverter
Solar pumping inverter converts DC current from the solar array into AC current to drive the pump.
With the function of MPPT (maximum power point tracking), it regulates the output frequency according to irradiation in real time to achieve the maximum power.
Solar inverter features:
Adopting the proposed dynamic VI maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control method which provides fast response and stable operation. It is better than the conventional methods which may lead to the problems including poor tracking performances, unstable or even cause water hammer damaging when the irradiation on the array changes rapidly.
The solar pumping inverters system is dispensed with energy storing devices, and stores water instead of electricity. It improves the reliability of the device, at the same time, it lowers the construction and maintenance costs of the system dramatically.
Digital control with full automatic operation and data acquisition/storage of 8 years, etc; 98% of conversion efficiency, and complete protection.
Intelligent power module (IPM) for the main circuit with high reliability.
New design of aluminum alloy case, LED display operating panel, in-line blocks; user friendly; convenient for operating; perfect cooling and shielding.
Option of up and down water level detection and control circuit is available.
Protection level IP52 (machine type’s rated power less than 18.5 kW); ambient temperature for using: -10 ~ +50 ºC.
